The Adaptive Optics and Vision Laboratory (AOVision Lab) is a research lab at the University Eye Hospital in Bonn, Germany, funded by the Emmy Noether-Program of the German Research Foundation. We employ adaptive optics imaging techniques to create high resolution images of the living human retina, thereby creating a direct experimental access to human neuronal tissue with cellular precision. By means of super-high contrast and fast acousto-optical light modulation and real-time compensation for eye motion, we are able to target, track and stimulate individual photoreceptor cells for extremely precise psychophysical interrogation of the human visual system. We thus gain insights into the fundamental building blocks of the complex neuroarchitecture of the human retina and visual function in health and disease.