Fish and almost all animals need to navigate to survive. To investigate the neural basis of navigation, it is critical to find where in the brain the relevant neural circuits exist, and how information about space is encoded by the activity of single neurons when the animal explores the environment. We address these issues in goldfish, a representative species of the largest vertebrate class – teleost. In the talk, I will present results from behavioral experiments, functional neuroanatomy, and electrophysiology to address the question of the neural basis of navigation in this animal.